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Israel–Pakistan relations
The bilateral relations between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the state of Israel have been complex since their establishment in 1947 and 1948 respectively, shifting from close ties to hostilities against each other. Politically and historically, both states were established based on their ideological declarations (See ''Two-Nation Theory'' and ''Homeland for the Jewish people'') in 1947 from British Empire. Despite many attempts to establish relations between the two states, diplomatic ties have not been established and as many other Muslim countries have done; Pakistan has refused to recognize Israel. However, the relations between Pakistan and Israel are highly complex.〔
On many occasions, both Pakistan and Israel used their Embassies at Istanbul to mediate or exchange information with each other, for instance Pakistan used its embassy in Istanbul to pass information on a terror group to Israel in 2010 according to the whistleblowing website WikiLeaks. The 1980s saw some strong coordination between two countries when their respective intelligence agencies participated in ''Operation Cyclone'' against the Soviet Union and the Soviet war in Afghanistan its invasion of Afghanistan, based on their common mutual distrust of communism. But the hostilities are also widely reported with Israel labelling Pakistan "an antisemitic state" and Pakistan counter-labeling Israel "a Zionist and racist state". However recently, some politicians from both Israel and Pakistan have called for the normalization of diplomatic relations.
==Early contacts==
An attempt to establish diplomatic relations with Pakistan and Israel was made in 1947, when Israel's first Prime minister David Ben-Gurion sent a telegram to Jinnah—Pakistan's main founding father but Jinnah gave no particular response. Later in 1949, Israel's Foreign Ministry believed it might be possible to open legations in Karachi, then the capital of Pakistan, or at least to conduct trade openly. Initial contact between the ambassador (High Commissioner) of Pakistan in London and representatives of Israel and Jewish organizations was made in early 1950.〔 The Pakistani government was asked to issue passage permits to India for a few hundred Jews who wanted to leave Afghanistan and wished to emigrate to Israel.〔 The Pakistan government refused to allow them to transit through Pakistan and the Jews left through Iran.〔
In 1952, Sir Zafarullah Khan, Pakistan's foreign minister promoted his hardline policies toward Israel, and pressed his policies toward the unity of Arab states.〔 Thus Khan's policy had worked to build strategic ties with Arab states.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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